Yesterday in class we learnt about acids and bases. We also learnt how to name bases and acids.
Acids:
- Solid, liquid, or gas at SATP (Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure) Temeprature=25 C , Pressure=100 KPascal
- Turns blue litmus red
- Form conducting aqueous solutions
- Dissolves in water to produce H+
- Tastes sour
Bases:
- Turns red litmus blue
- Slippery
- Non-conductive
- Dissolves in water to produce OH-
Naming acids:
- Hydrogen compounds are acids.
- eg. HCL (aq) -> hydrochloric acid
- eg. H2SO4 (aq) -> sulfuric acid
- Hydrogen appears first in the formula unless it is part of a plyatomic group.
- CH3COOH (aq) -> acetic acid
- Classical rules use the siffix -ic and/or the prefix hydro-
- eg. sulfuric acid
- eg. hydrochloric acid
- IUPAC uses the aqueous hydrogen chloride
- eg. HCL (aq) -> aqueous hydrogen chloride
Naming bases:
- We will be working with aqueoue solutions of ionic hydroxides:
- NaOH
- Use the cation name followed by hydroxide:
- sodium hydroxide
- barium hydroxide